자기 모니터링 (Self-Monitoring), 동료들과 직장 상사를 제가 무의식적으로 따라하고 있다고요?

자기 모니터링 (Self-Monitoring), 동료들과 직장 상사를 제가 무의식적으로 따라하고 있다고요?

 

 

간략히 요약하면, "자기 모니터링(high self-monitors)의 경향이 높은 사람이 본인의 친구나 상사의 행동을 무의식적으로 따라하는 경향이 있다." 라는 논문입니다.

 

 

박사 자격시험을 준비하면서 정리한 내용을 하나씩 풀고 있습니다. 유명한 마케팅 논문들을 업로드하고 있습니다. 제 전공인 Consumer Behavior에서 박사자격 시험때 공부했던 논문 소개 들어갑니다! Social Influence 범주에 속한 논문을 소개드립니다.

 

 

Cheng, Clara Michelle and Tanya L. Chartrand (2003), “Self-Monitoring Without Awareness: Using Mimicry as a Nonconscious Affiliation Strategy,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), 1170-1179.

 

 

• Abstract
  • Self-monitoring outside of conscious awareness
    • This research sought to extend the current conceptualization of self-monitoring by examining whether self-monitoring motives and behaviors can operate outside of conscious awareness.
  • Nonconscious mimicry!
    • Two studies examined nonconscious mimicry among high and low self-monitors in situations varying in affiliative cues.
      • Participants interacted with a confederate
        • who shook her foot (Study 1) or touched her face (Study 2).
      • In both studies,
        • high self-monitors
          • were more likely to mimic the confederate’s subtle gestures
            • when they believed the confederate to be a peer (Study 1)
            • or someone superior to them (Study 2).
        • Low self-monitors
          • mimicked to the same degree across conditions.
      • Thus, when the situation contains affiliative cues,
        • "high self-monitors use mimicry as a nonconscious strategy to get along with their interaction partner."
• QUAL
  • chameleon effect — Chartrand and Bargh (1999)
    • like chameleons changing their skin color to match their environment, people change their behaviors and mannerisms to match those of their interaction partners.
  • Self-Monitoring Theory
    • Definition
      • The construct of self-monitoring represents the difference in the extent to which individuals control the image they project in social settings (Snyder, 1974, 1979, 1987).
      • Self-monitoring has been found to consist of other-directedness, or attentiveness towards others, and public performing, or a change in behavior according to the situational demands (Briggs & Cheek, 1988).
    • High in self-monitoring
      • motivated and able to monitor and control their public images.
      • These individuals are concerned with behaving in an appropriate manner as demanded by the social situation, and they therefore use available information in the environment to guide their own behavior.
      • High selfmonitors, at one point, were dubbed “social chameleons” (Snyder, 1974) for the way they change their “color” to adapt to different social environments.
    • Low in self-monitoring
      • less concerned with adjusting to the social environment.
      • These individuals tend to act in accordance with their inner attitudes, even if the situational norms dictate otherwise.
      • Low self-monitors value “being themselves,” and therefore tend to show a considerable amount of consistency in their behavior across different situations.
• Takeaways
  • Key
    • We argue in this article that high self-monitors should show a greater tendency to engage in nonconscious mimicry when the social situation calls for affiliation. #!!!
    • In sum, the present research seeks to broaden the understanding of the self-monitoring construct
      • by showing that the affiliation attempts of high self-monitors
        • can be so automatized that they operate outside of conscious awareness and manifest themselves through nonconscious affiliation techniques (e.g., increased mimicry). #!
  • Summary
    • The authors investigated self-monitoring motives and behaviors outside of conscious awareness. Participants were more likely to mimic the confederate’s subtle gestures when they believe the confederate to be a peer or a superior. Low-self-monitors mimicked to the same degree across conditions.
  • Study 1
    • 68 psychology student randomly assigned to 3 confederate conditions (Psych student, high school student, graduate student) and performed a photo description task with a confederate with four video cameras recording the interaction. The confederate had her legs crossed, and shook her foot throughout the photo description task, lasted for about 5 minutes. After the task, participants answered the self-monitoring scale.
    • Results
      • high-self-monitors shook their feet for a significantly larger proportion of time in the Psych 100 condition than they did in the high school student and the graduate student conditions. No significant difference in low-self-monitors
  • Study 2
    • 53 psychology students randomly assigned to worker or leader condition, in a similar experiment as in Study 1 except for the roles in conditions. Participants were told that in the second experiment, there would be a problem-solving task which involved a leader and a worker. In the photo description task, the confederate touched her face throughout the interaction, lasted for 5 minutes.
    • Results:
      • high-self-monitors spent a large proportion of the interaction time mimicking when they were the worker than when they were the leader. Low-self-monitors did not show significant differences in the amount they mimicked regardless of whether they were assigned worker or leader.

 

 

 

 

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[글쓴이 소개]

서강대학교 수학&심리 복수전공 최우등 졸업

KAIST 마케팅 전공 석사 최우등 졸업, 박사과정 수료

자세한 소개는: https://beautifulresearch.tistory.com/7